Modeling Capabilities

• Suite of propagation models that span a range of fidelity and run times, including:

  • High-fidelity 3D ray tracing models

  • Fast ray-based methods

  • Empirical propagation models

• Models outdoor, indoor, indoor-to-outdoor and outdoor-to-indoor applications

• Range of environments, from dense urban to rough, open terrain

• Simulates antennas, polarization, and phase through full analysis of multipath propagation in complex environments

• Simulates MIMO techniques, supporting traditional MIMO antennas up to large (massive) MIMO arrays

• Communications analyzer calculates interference, SINR, throughput, capacity, and bit error rate

Standard Features

• Channel outputs include received power, electric field, delay spread, angles of arrival and departure, power delay profile, and various radiation hazard quantities

• Communications analysis outputs include SINR, bit error rate, throughput, capacity, and other communications metrics

• Calculations use 3D antenna patterns with full polarization and phase information

• Generates time and frequency domain output

• Identifies outages in coverage using the communication system analysis tool

• Supports import of urban building data, floor plans, terrain, and soil and vegetation from standard formats

• Overlays output on maps, aerial photographs, and 3D displays of buildings and terrain

High Performance Computing and Algorithmic Optimization

• GPU acceleration and multi-threading for X3D Ray Model

• Numerous ray-trace optimizations throughout modeling suite

• Thread-safe Wireless InSite Real Time for multi-threaded API applications

• Methods for execution of several models across multiple processors

Antenna Modeling

• Transmitter/receiver sets defined through individual points, trajectories (routes), arcs, planar surfaces (vertical or horizontal), cylindrical surfaces, or spherical surfaces

• Plane wave sources for modeling airborne and satellite based transmitters

• Vertically, horizontally, and circularly polarized analytical antennas, or complex polarizations through antenna file import

• Support for MIMO antennas, including large (massive) arrays

• Ability to import multi-frequency antenna data and use in frequency sweep simulations

• Antenna Pattern Importation: import antenna pattern data from Odyssey, MSI planet, or Remcom’s XFdtd, or convert from other solvers or measurements into Remcom’s standard 3D antenna pattern format.

MIMO Calculations

• Optimized calculation of channel characteristics for large MIMO arrays

• Array builder for building MIMO arrays with arbitrary patterns, rotations and spacings; optionally import antenna arrays from full-wave solver or other sources

• MIMO beamforming, spatial multiplexing, and diversity techniques applied to compute signal characteristics of MIMO data streams

• Use of multi-port S-parameters to capture degradation due to mutual coupling between antenna elements

• Communications analysis computing SINR, throughput, and BER for multiple MIMO streams, as well as total for MIMO channel

• Channel Data Analyzer for viewing, plotting and exporting MIMO output

• CSV export of all MIMO results to allow further user analysis

Geometrical Data Types

• Cities

• Terrain

• Foliage

• Floor plans

• Objects

Geometry Data Import

• Import DAE (COLLADA)

• Import KMZ (COLLADA)

• Import SHP

• Import STL

• Import DXF

• Import STL

• Import DEM, DTED, JDEM, SDTS, ASCII Grid, TIFF/BigTIFF/GeoTIFF for Terrain elevation data

• Import TIFF and GeoTIFF

• Import Global Land Cover Characteristics Database (GLCC) for vegetation land cover

• Import Digital Soil Map (DSM) of the World

• Raster-to-vector conversion

Geometry Generation and Manipulation

• City geometry processing, including building association, simplification and error checking

• Geometry caching for time savings when running multiple studies with the same geometry

• Graphical city, indoor, terrain, and foliage editors

• Conform foliage to terrain and define lower bounds for raised canopies

• Translate, scale, rotate operations

• Assignment of material properties

• Scene cropping of terrain and urban features

Materials and Environmental Effects

• Ability to model dielectric properties of construction materials, including multi-layered materials

• Engineered Electromagnetic Surfaces (EES) model allows inclusion of passive metasurfaces used to enhance wireless signal coverage for 6G

• Atmospheric absorption in X3D ray model extends to mmWave and above

• Soil material properties, including built-in models based on sand, silt, and clay percentages

• User-defined, tabulated reflection and transmission coefficients

• Models for foliage penetration loss

Input/Output Visualization

• Color displays of most output

• Line plotting tools

• Polar plots and 3D displays of antenna patterns

• Plots of reflection and transmission coefficients by material

• Color display of transient electric fields

• "Movie Sequence" of transient fields vs. time

• Export "Movie Sequence" to MPEG file

• Export views and graphs to JPEG and TIFF files

Propagation Channel Outputs 

• Received power

• Propagation paths

• Path loss

• Delay spread

• Electric field magnitude and phase

• Electric field vs. time and frequency

• Strongest base to mobile

• Time- and Direction-of-Arrival

• Power delay profile

• Doppler shift

• Animated electric field movies

• Received power, path loss

• Visualize propagation paths

• Complex Impulse Response

• Direction of arrival

• Direction of departure

MIMO Outputs

• Received power and path loss

• H-matrix

• Complex Impulse Response

• Direction of arrival

• Direction of departure

• RMS delay spread

• Angle spread of arrival and departure

• MIMO communication system outputs (see below)

Communication System Outputs

• Interference and noise

• Total power, strongest transmitter by received power, strongest transmitter

• Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), signal-to-interference ratio (SIR), signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR)

• Received signal strength indicator (RSSI)

• Reference signal received power (RSRP, LTE only)

• Reference signal received quality (RSRQ, LTE only)

• Throughput for LTE, WiMAX, 802.11n, 802.11ac, 802.11ax, 5G NR and for user-defined protocols

• Capacity (Shannon-Hartley)

• Bit error rate (BER)

Diffuse Scattering

• Degli-Esposti models

• Lambertian

• Directive

• Directive with Backscatter

Enhanced Options

• Monte Carlo to capture uncertainty in power or material parameters

• Dispersive channel modeling via frequency sweeps

• Maximum Permissible Exposure (MPE) - IEEE Standard C95.1-2005

• Custom libraries of antennas, materials and waveforms

• Support for Linux clusters